waves_logo Docs
  • Why Waves
    Why Waves
  • Waves Basics
    Waves Basics
  • Account
    • Creating Account
      Creating Account
    • Address
      Address
    • Account Balance
      Account Balance
    • Account Data Storage
      Account Data Storage
    • Alias
      Alias
    • dApp and Smart Account
      dApp and Smart Account
    Account
  • Token (Asset)
    • Non-Fungible Token
      Non-Fungible Token
    • Smart Asset
      Smart Asset
    • Token ID
      Token ID
    • WAVES
      WAVES
    Token (Asset)
  • Transaction
    • Transaction Fee
      • Sponsored Fee
        Sponsored Fee
      Transaction Fee
    • Signature and Proofs
      Signature and Proofs
    • Transaction Types
      • Burn Transaction
        Burn Transaction
      • Create Alias Transaction
        Create Alias Transaction
      • Data Transaction
        Data Transaction
      • Exchange Transaction
        • Order
          Order
        Exchange Transaction
      • Genesis Transaction
        Genesis Transaction
      • Invoke Script Transaction
        Invoke Script Transaction
      • Issue Transaction
        Issue Transaction
      • Lease Cancel Transaction
        Lease Cancel Transaction
      • Lease Transaction
        Lease Transaction
      • Mass Transfer Transaction
        Mass Transfer Transaction
      • Reissue Transaction
        Reissue Transaction
      • Set Asset Script Transaction
        Set Asset Script Transaction
      • Set Script Transaction
        Set Script Transaction
      • Sponsor Fee Transaction
        Sponsor Fee Transaction
      • Transfer Transaction
        Transfer Transaction
      • Update Asset Info Transaction
        Update Asset Info Transaction
      • Ethereum-like Transaction
        Ethereum-like Transaction
      Transaction Types
    • Transaction Validation
      Transaction Validation
    Transaction
  • Block
    • Transactions Root Hash
      Transactions Root Hash
    • Genesis Block
      Genesis Block
    Block
  • Node
    • Leasing
      Leasing
    • Generator’s Income
      Generator’s Income
    • Monetary Policy
      Monetary Policy
    Node
  • Mainnet, Testnet, Stagenet
    Mainnet, Testnet, Stagenet
  • Unit Zero
    Unit Zero
  • Oracle
    Oracle
  • Protocols & Data formats
    • Cryptographic Practical Details
      Cryptographic Practical Details
    • Leased Proof of Stake
      Leased Proof of Stake
    • Waves-NG Solution
      Waves-NG Solution
    • Waves-NG Protocol
      Waves-NG Protocol
    • Waves 1.5
      Waves 1.5
    • Blockchain Data Types
      Blockchain Data Types
    • Binary Format
      • Address Binary Format
        Address Binary Format
      • Alias Binary Format
        Alias Binary Format
      • Block Binary Format
        Block Binary Format
      • Network Message Binary Format
        • Block Message Binary Format
          Block Message Binary Format
        • Checkpoint Message Binary Format
          Checkpoint Message Binary Format
        • Get Block Message Binary Format
          Get Block Message Binary Format
        • Get Peers Message Binary Format
          Get Peers Message Binary Format
        • Get Signatures Message Binary Format
          Get Signatures Message Binary Format
        • Handshake Message Binary Format
          Handshake Message Binary Format
        • Peers Message Binary Format
          Peers Message Binary Format
        • Score Message Binary Format
          Score Message Binary Format
        • Signatures Message Binary Format
          Signatures Message Binary Format
        • Transaction Message Message Binary Format
          Transaction Message Message Binary Format
        Network Message Binary Format
      • Order Binary Format
        Order Binary Format
      • Transaction Binary Format
        • Burn Transaction Binary Format
          Burn Transaction Binary Format
        • Create Alias Transaction Binary Format
          Create Alias Transaction Binary Format
        • Data Transaction Binary Format
          Data Transaction Binary Format
        • Exchange Transaction Binary Format
          Exchange Transaction Binary Format
        • Genesis Transaction Binary Format
          Genesis Transaction Binary Format
        • Invoke Script Transaction Binary Format
          Invoke Script Transaction Binary Format
        • Issue Transaction Binary Format
          Issue Transaction Binary Format
        • Lease Cancel Transaction Binary Format
          Lease Cancel Transaction Binary Format
        • Lease Transaction Binary Format
          Lease Transaction Binary Format
        • Mass Transfer Transaction Binary Format
          Mass Transfer Transaction Binary Format
        • Reissue Transaction Binary Format
          Reissue Transaction Binary Format
        • Set Asset Script Transaction Binary Format
          Set Asset Script Transaction Binary Format
        • Set Script Transaction Binary Format
          Set Script Transaction Binary Format
        • Sponsor Fee Transaction Binary Format
          Sponsor Fee Transaction Binary Format
        • Transfer Transaction Binary Format
          Transfer Transaction Binary Format
        • Update Asset Info Transaction Binary Format
          Update Asset Info Transaction Binary Format
        • Ethereum-like Transaction Binary Format
          Ethereum-like Transaction Binary Format
        Transaction Binary Format
      • Transaction Proof Binary Format
        Transaction Proof Binary Format
      Binary Format
    • Validation Rules
      Validation Rules
    Protocols & Data formats
  • Glossary
    Glossary
      • English
      • Русский
      On this page
        • Core Features of Unit Zero
        • Unit Zero Testnet
        • Tools
        • How the Network Operates
        • Tokenomics
        • Unit Zero Node Architecture
        • Useful links
      waves_logo Docs

          # Unit Zero

          Unit Zero is a blockchain network operating on top of the Waves blockchain. It introduces a novel approach to blockchain architecture, merging high performance and scalability with robust security and decentralization. The concepts implemented in Unit Zero are planned to be extended to interconnected chains of Units ecosystem.

          # Core Features of Unit Zero

          • Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) Compatibility: This feature enables the swift deployment of decentralized applications (dApps) within the Unit Zero network.
          • Fractal Consensus Model: Unit Zero relies on consensus provided by Waves, concentrating its efforts on efficient transaction processing.
          • Economic Incentives for Network Growth: The network rewards block generators with its native token, UNIT0. This token serves as fee asset and plays a pivotal role in the Units ecosystem DAO. Initially, UNIT0 will have a zero supply, fostering scarcity and adding value from the onset of the network's launch.

          # Unit Zero Testnet

          The Unit Zero Testnet is currently available for application testing.

          Connection parameters:

          • RPC URL: https://rpc-testnet.unit0.dev
          • Chain ID: 88817

          # Tools

          # Faucet

          To get free UNIT0 in Unit Zero Testnet, use Faucet .

          # Blockchain Explorer

          To browse Unit Zero Testnet data, use Explorer .

          # MetaMask

          To connect Unit Zero Testnet in MetaMask, click Add Unit Zero Testnet at the bottom of the Explorer page.


          Add network manually

          If you'd rather add the network manually, in MetaMask select Add a network > Add a network manually and specify the connection parameters:

          • Network name: Unit Zero Testnet
          • New RPC URL: https://rpc-testnet.unit0.dev
          • Chain ID: 88817
          • Currency symbol: UNIT0

          # How the Network Operates

          Some nodes from the Layer-0 network (Waves) also participate in the Layer-1 network (Unit Zero).

          Consensus within the Layer-1 network is maintained by the Chain Contract deployed on the Layer-0 network:

          • Generators commit to participating in Layer-1 block generation by invoking the Chain Contract.
          • Each block on Layer-0 marks an epoch in Layer-1. During an epoch, a generator is selected to produce Layer-1 blocks.
          • The Chain Contract employs a modified Fair PoS, calculate a time delay for each Layer-1 generator, determining when it is eligible to generate blocks.
          • The generator packages Layer-1 transactions into blocks, signs them, and invokes the Chain Contract to record the block metadata on Layer-0.
          • The Chain Contract enables resolving potential forks in the Layer-1 network. The primary chain is the one extended by generators possessing over half of the Layer-1 generating balance.

          For more details about the protocol, refer to the Extended Consensus White Paper .

          # Tokenomics

          In the Unit Zero network, the block generation probability increases with a node’s WAVES balance. A minimum of 20,000 WAVES is required to qualify for block generation.

          Rewards for each epoch are distributed in UNIT0 as follows:

          • 1.8 UNIT0 to the generating node.
          • 0.2 UNIT0 to the Unit Zero DAO .

          # Unit Zero Node Architecture

          Unit Zero Node Architecture

          The Unit Zero node consists of two components:

          • The Execution Client processes transactions and updates the blockchain state. Execution Clients intercommunicate within a peer-to-peer network and handle JSON-RPC API requests.

            For instance, Hyperledger Besu may serve as an Execution Client.

          • The Consensus Client is responsible for block addition and achieving consensus among network participants.

            A Waves node with the ConsensusClient extension installed acts as the Consensus Client.

          # Useful links

          • Unit Zero documentation
          • Builder's documentation for EVM
          • Besu API methods
          • Native IDE for Web3 Development
          Mainnet, Testnet, Stagenet
          Oracle
          Mainnet, Testnet, Stagenet
          Oracle