Signer

Overview

Signer is a TypeScript/JavaScript library that enables signing and broadcasting transactions on behalf of users without asking them for their seed phrases or private keys.

The source code is available on Github: https://github.com/wavesplatform/signer.

Provider

In order to work with Signer, you need to link an external Provider library. Provider securely stores user's private data . Your web app and Signer itself do not have access to user's private key and seed phrase.

The Provider authenticates user and generates a digital signature.

Signer implements developer-friendly protocol for interacting with Provider as well as broadcasts transactions to the blockchain.

For now, you can use one of the following Providers:

• ProviderSeed developed by Waves team creates user account from seed. ProviderSeed can be used at the app debugging stage.
• ProviderWeb developed by Waves.Exchange is the official wallet software that encrypts and stores user's private key and seed phrase.

You can also develop your own Provider, see the Provider Interface section below.

Signer + ProviderWeb: How It Works

When Signer requests to sign a transaction, ProviderWeb opens an iframe, where the user can review transaction details and confirm or reject it. Upon confirmation, ProviderWeb generates a digital signature. User experience is represented in the following video.

Restrictions

Signer supports all types of transactions except exchange transactions.

Signer supports all browsers except Brave.

Getting Started

1. Signer and Provider library installation

• To install Signer library use

  npm i @waves/signer
  

• To install ProviderSeed developed by Waves team, use

  npm i @waves/provider-seed @waves/waves-transactions
  

• To install ProviderWeb developed by Waves.Exchange, use

  npm i @waves.exchange/provider-web
  

  For Windows, use the following format:

  npm i '@waves.exchange/provider-web'
  

2. Library initialization

Add library initialization to your app.

• For Testnet & ProviderSeed:

  import Signer from '@waves/signer';
  import { ProviderSeed } from '@waves/provider-seed';
  import { libs } from '@waves/waves-transactions';
  
  const seed = libs.crypto.randomSeed(15);
  const signer = new Signer({
    // Specify URL of the node on Testnet
    NODE_URL: 'https://nodes-testnet.wavesnodes.com'
  });
  signer.setProvider(new ProviderSeed(seed));
  

• For Testnet & Waves.Exchange ProviderWeb:

  import Signer from '@waves/signer';
  import Provider from '@waves.exchange/provider-web';
  
  const signer = new Signer({
    // Specify URL of the node on Testnet
    NODE_URL: 'https://nodes-testnet.wavesnodes.com'
  });
  signer.setProvider(new Provider());
  

• For Mainnet & Waves.Exchange ProviderWeb:

  import Signer from '@waves/signer';
  import Provider from '@waves.exchange/provider-web';
  
  const signer = new Signer();
  signer.setProvider(new Provider());
  

After that you will be able to use Signer features in the app.

3. Basic example

Now your application is ready to work with Waves blockchain. Let's test it by implementing basic functionality. For example, we could try to authenticate user, get his/her balances and transfer funds.

const user = await signer.login();
const balances = await signer.getBalance();
const [broadcastedTransfer] = await signer
  .transfer({amount: 100000000, recipient: 'alias:T:merry'}) // Transfer 1 WAVES to alias merry
  .broadcast(); // Promise will resolved after user sign and node response

const [signedTransfer] = await signer
  .transfer({amount: 100000000, recipient: 'alias:T:merry'}) // Transfer 1 WAVES to alias merry
  .sign(); // Promise will resolved after user sign

More examples

• App that implements the donate button: https://github.com/vlzhr/crypto-donate.
• App that submits three types of transaction: https://github.com/vlzhr/waves-signer-example.

Constructor

new Signer({
  NODE_URL: 'string',
})

Creates an object that features the following methods.

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
NODE_URL	https://nodes.wavesnodes.com	Node that is used to access a blockchain

Methods

• User Info

  • login
  • logout
  • getBalance
  • getSponsoredBalances

• Сreate Transactions

  • Common fields
  • How to sign and broadcast transaction
  • alias
  • burn
  • cancelLease
  • data
  • invoke
  • issue
  • lease
  • massTransfer
  • reissue
  • setAssetScript
  • setScript
  • sponsorship
  • transfer
  • batch

• Others

  • broadcast
  • getNetworkByte
  • setProvider
  • waitTxConfirm

In code you can use TypeScript types.

User Info

login

Authenticates user with his/her account; creates account if it don't exist.

login();

Returns: Promise of user data: address and public key.

Usage:

const {address, publicKey} = await signer.login();

Output example:

{
  address: '3P8pGyzZL9AUuFs9YRYPDV3vm73T48ptZxs',
  publicKey: 'FuChbN7t3gvW5esgARFytKNVuHSCZpXSYf1y3eDSruEN',
}

logout

Logs user out.

logout();

Returns: Promise<void>.

Usage:

await signer.logout();

getBalance

If user logged in, provides balances of assets in user's portfolio.

getBalance();

Returns: Promise of list of balances.

Usage:

const balances = await signer.getBalance();

Output example:

[{
  assetId: 'WAVES',
  assetName: 'Waves',
  decimals: 8,
  amount: 100000000,
  isMyAsset: false,
  tokens: 1,
  sponsorship: null,
  isSmart: false
},
{
  assetId: 'AcrRM9STdBu5PNiFveTCbRFTS8tADhKcsbC2KBp8A4tx',
  assetName: 'CoffeeCoin',
  decimals: 3,
  amount: 1500,
  isMyAsset: false,
  tokens: 1.5,
  isSmart: false,
  sponsorship: 500
}]

Output fields:

Field name	Description
assetId	Base58-encoded ID of the asset
assetName	Name of the asset
decimals	Number of decimal places in the asset amount
amount	Amount of asset multiplied by 10^decimals. For example, decimals of WAVES is 8, so the real amount is multipied by 10^8. { "WAVES": 677728840 } means 6.77728840
isMyAsset	true if current user is an asset issuer
tokens	Amount of asset to display in app interface
sponsorship	Amount of sponsored asset to be charged to users (per 0.001 WAVES) multiplied by 10^decimals null if the asset is not sponsored
isSmart	true for smart assets

getSponsoredBalances

If user logged in, provides balances of sponsored assets in user's portfolio. См. Sponsor Fee Transactions.

getSponsoredBalances();

Returns: Promise of list of balances.

Usage:

const sponsoredBalances = await signer.getSponsoredBalances();

Output example:

[{
  assetId: 'AcrRM9STdBu5PNiFveTCbRFTS8tADhKcsbC2KBp8A4tx',
  assetName: 'CoffeeCoin',
  decimals: 3,
  amount: 1500,
  isMyAsset: false,
  tokens: 1.5,
  isSmart: false,
  sponsorship: 500
}]

Output fields are the same as in getBalance method.

Create transactions

The following methods create transactions (but do not sign or broadcast them):

• alias
• burn
• cancelLease
• data
• exchange
• invoke
• issue
• lease
• massTransfer
• reissue
• setAssetScript
• setScript
• sponsorship
• transfer

Check which of these transactions are supported by your Provider.

Common fields

Each create transaction method has optional fields that you don't specify manually in most cases:

Field name	Description	Default value
chainId	'W'.charCodeAt(0) or 87 means Mainnet 'T'.charCodeAt(0) or 84 means Testnet	Defined by configuration of Waves node that is set in Constructor
fee	Transaction fee	Calculated automatically as described in Transaction fee section
proofs	Array of transaction signatures	Added by sign or broadcast method (see How to Sign and Broadcast Transactions). If you specify a proof manually, it is also added to the array
senderPublicKey	Base58-encoded public key of transaction sender	Returned by login method

How to Sign and Broadcast Transactions

Each create transaction method returns object that features the sign and broadcast methods.

To sign transaction use sign method. For example:

signer.invoke({
   dApp: address,
   call: { function: name, args: convertedArgs },
}).sign();

To sign transaction and immediately send it to blockchain use broadcast method. For example:

signer.invoke({
   dApp: address,
   call: { function: name, args: convertedArgs },
}).broadcast();

Note: this broadcast method has the same options as the signer.broadcast method that is described below.

You can sign or broadcast several transactions at once. For example:

signer.alias({ 'new_alias', })
  .data([{ key: 'value', type: 'integer', value: 1 ])
  .transfer({ recipient: '3P8pGyzZL9AUuFs9YRYPDV3vm73T48ptZxs', amount: 10000 })
}).broadcast();

alias

Creates create alias transaction.

alias(data: {
  alias: 'string'
})

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
alias*		Short and easy to remember name of address. See Alias for more information

* Required field

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const data = {
  alias: 'new_alias',
}

const [tx] = await signer
  .alias(data)
  .broadcast();

burn

Creates burn transaction.

burn(data: {
    assetId*: 'string',
    quantity*: LONG,
})

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
assetId*		Base58-encoded ID of the asset to burn
quantity*		Amount of asset multiplied by 10^decimals. For example, decimals of WAVES is 8, so the real amount is multipied by 10^8. { "WAVES": 677728840 } means 6.77728840

* Required field.

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const data = {
  assetId: '4uK8i4ThRGbehENwa6MxyLtxAjAo1Rj9fduborGExarC',
  quantity: 100,
}

const [tx] = await signer
  .burn(data)
  .broadcast();

cancelLease

Creates lease cancel transaction.

cancelLease(data: {
    leaseId: 'string',
})

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
leasetId*		Base58-encoded ID of the lease transaction

* Required field.

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const data = {
  leaseId: '69HK14PEHq2UGRfRYghVW8Kc3487uJaoUmk2ntT4kw7X',
}

const [tx] = await signer
  .cancelLease(data)
  .broadcast();

data

Creates data transaction.

data(data: [{
  key: 'string',
  type: 'string' | 'integer' | 'binary' | 'boolean',
  value: 'string' | number | boolean,
])

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
key*		Key of a record. Maximum of 100 characters
type		Type of a record
value*		Value of a record. Maximum of 5 Kbytes

* Required field.

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const records = [
  { key: 'name', type: 'string', value: 'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet' },
  { key: 'value', type: 'integer', value: 1234567 },
  { key: 'flag', type: 'boolean', value: true }
]

const [tx] = await signer
  .data({ data: records })
  .broadcast();

invoke

Creates invoke scipt transaction.

invoke(data: {
  dApp: 'string',
  fee: LONG,
  payment: [{
    assetId: 'string',
    amount: LONG,
  }],
  call: {
    function: 'string',
    args: [{
      type: 'integer' | 'string' | 'binary',
      value: number | 'string',
    }],
  },
  feeAssetId: 'string',
})

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
dApp*		Base58-encoded address or alias (with alias:T: prefix) of the dApp whose script should be invoked
fee		We recommend to specify fee depending on number of action performed by called function (see Transaction Fee)
payment		Payments attached to the transaction. Maximum of two payments
payment.assetId*		Base58-encoded ID of the asset to pay. WAVES or null means WAVES
payment.amount*		Amount of asset multiplied by 10^decimals. For example, decimals of WAVES is 8, so the real amount is multipied by 10^8. { "WAVES": 677728840 } means 6.77728840
call	Default function should be invoked in the dApp	Parameters for called function
call.function*		Name of the function that is called
call.args*		Arguments for the function that is called
call.args.type*		Type of argument
call.args.value*		Value of argument
feeAssetId	WAVES	Base58-encoded ID of the sponsored asset to pay the commission. See the Sponsored Fee article for more information. null or omitted field means WAVES

* Required field

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const data = {
  dApp: '3Fb641A9hWy63K18KsBJwns64McmdEATgJd',
  fee: 1000000,
  payment: [{
    assetId: '73pu8pHFNpj9tmWuYjqnZ962tXzJvLGX86dxjZxGYhoK',
    amount: 7,
  }],
  call: {
    function: 'foo',
    args: [
      { type: 'integer', value: 1 },
      { type: 'binary', value: 'base64:AAA=' },
      { type: 'string', value: 'foo' }
    ],
  },
}

const [tx] = await signer
  .invoke(data)
  .broadcast();

issue

Creates issue transaction.

issue(data: {
  name: 'string',
  decimals: number,
  quantity: LONG,
  reissuable: boolean,
  description: 'string',
  script: 'string',
})

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
name*		Asset name
decimals*		Number of digits in decimal part
quantity*		Amount of asset multiplied by 10^decimals
reissuable*		true – asset reissue is possible. false — asset reissue is not possible
description*		Asset description
script		Base64-encoded script (with base64: prefix) to be attached to to asset

* Required field

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const data = {
  name: 'MyToken',
  decimals: 8,
  quantity: 100000000000,
  reissuable: true,
  description: 'It is a gaming token',
}

const [tx] = await signer
  .issue(data)
  .broadcast();

lease

Creates lease transaction.

lease(data: {
    amount: LONG,
    recipient: 'string',
})

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
amount*		Amount of WAVES multiplied by 10^8. For example, { "WAVES": 677728840 } means 6.77728840
recipient*		Base58-encoded address or alias (with alias:T: prefix) of the recipient

* Required field

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const data = {
    amount: 10000,
    recipient: 'alias:T:merry',
}

const [tx] = await signer
  .lease(data)
  .broadcast();

massTransfer

Creates mass transfer transaction.

massTransfer(data: {
  assetId: 'string',
  transfers: [{
    amount: LONG,
    recipient: 'string',
  }],
  attachment: 'string',
})

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
assetId	WAVES	Base58-encoded ID of the asset to transfer
transfers*		List of transfers
transfers.amount*		Amount of asset multiplied by 10^decimals. For example, decimals of WAVES is 8, so the real amount is multipied by 10^8. { "WAVES": 677728840 } means 6.77728840Amount of multiplied by 10^8.
transfers.recipient*		Base58-encoded address or alias (with alias:T: prefix) of the recipient
attachment		Optional data attached to the transaction. This field is often used to attach a comment to the transaction. The maximum data size is 140 bytes

* Required field

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const data = [
    {
      amount: 100,
      recipient: '3P23fi1qfVw6RVDn4CH2a5nNouEtWNQ4THs',
    },
    {
      amount: 200,
      recipient: 'alias:T:merry',
    },
]

const [tx] = await signer
  .massTransfer(data)
  .broadcast();

reissue

Creates reissue transaction.

reissue(data: {
  assetId: 'string',
  quantity: LONG,
  reissuable: boolean,
})

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
assetId*		Base58-encoded ID of the asset to reissue
quantity*		Amount of asset multiplied by 10^decimals to reissue
reissuable*		true – asset reissue is possible. false — asset reissue is not possible

* Required field

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const data = {
  assetId: 'AcrRM9STdBu5PNiFveTCbRFTS8tADhKcsbC2KBp8A4tx'
  quantity: 100000000000,
  reissuable: true,
}

const [tx] = await signer
  .reissue(data)
  .broadcast();

setAssetScript

Creates set asset script transaction.

setAssetScript(data: {
  assetId: 'string',
  script: 'string',
})

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
assetId*		Base58-encoded ID of the asset
script		Base64-encoded script (with base64: prefix) to be attached to the asset

* Required field

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const data = {
  assetId: 'AcrRM9STdBu5PNiFveTCbRFTS8tADhKcsbC2KBp8A4tx',
  script: 'base64:AwZd0cYf...',
}

const [tx] = await signer
  .setAssetScript(data)
  .broadcast();

setScript

Creates set script transaction.

setScript(data: {
  script: 'string',
})

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
script		Base64-encoded account script or dApp script (with base64: prefix) to be attached to the user account. null means cancelling the script

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const data = {
  script: 'base64:AAIDAAAAAAAAAAQIARIAAAAAAAAAAA...',
}

const [tx] = await signer
  .setScript(data)
  .broadcast();

sponsorship

Creates sponsor fee transaction.

sponsorship(data: {
    assetId: 'string',
    minSponsoredAssetFee: LONG,
})

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
assetId*		Base58-encoded ID of the asset
minSponsoredAssetFee		Required amount of sponsored token to be charged to users (per 0.001 WAVES) multiplied by 10^decimals

* Required field

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const data = {
  assetId: 'AcrRM9STdBu5PNiFveTCbRFTS8tADhKcsbC2KBp8A4tx',
  minSponsoredAssetFee: 314,
}

const [tx] = await signer
  .sponsorship(data)
  .broadcast();

transfer

Creates transfer transaction.

transfer(data: {
  recipient: 'string',
  amount: LONG,
  assetId: 'string',
  attachment: 'string',
  feeAssetId: 'string',
})

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
recipient*		Base58-encoded address or alias (with alias:T: prefix) of the recipient
amount*		Amount of asset multiplied by 10^decimals. For example, decimals of WAVES is 8, so the real amount is multipied by 10^8. { "WAVES": 677728840 } means 6.77728840
assetId	WAVES	Base58-encoded ID of the asset to transfer. null or omitted field means WAVES
attachment		Optional data attached to the transaction. This field is often used to attach a comment to the transaction. The maximum data size is 140 bytes
feeAssetId	WAVES	Base58-encoded ID of the sponsored asset to pay the commission. See the Sponsored Fee article for more information. null or omitted field means WAVES

* Required field

See Common fields for other fields description.

Usage:

const data = {
  recipient: '3P8pGyzZL9AUuFs9YRYPDV3vm73T48ptZxs',
  amount: 10000,
  }

const [tx] = await signer
  .transfer(data)
  .broadcast();

batch

Creates list of transactions.

batch([{
  type: number,
  ... // fields depending on the transaction type
}])

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
type*		Transaction type ID

* Required field

Usage:

const [transfer, alias, issue] = await signer.batch([
  {
    type: 4,
    recipient: 'alias:T:merry',
    amount: 100000000
  },
  {
    type: 10,
    alias: 'send33'
  },
  {
    type: 3,
    name: 'SomeTokenName',
    description: 'Some Token Description',
    reissuable: false,
    quantity: 100,
    decimals: 1
  }
]).sign(); // Or broadcast

In this example, sign method returns array of signed transactions in the same order as they are defined in batch.

Others

broadcast

Sends transactions that are already signed to the blockchain.

broadcast(tx,[options])

Returns: Promise of node response. See the POST /transactions/broadcast method description of Node API.

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
tx*		Signed transaction or array of signed transactions
options.chain	false	[Type: boolean] Send the next transaction only after the previous transaction is put in the blockchain and confirmed
options.confirmations	-1	Number of confirmations after that the Promise is resolved: less than 0 – Promise is resolved when the transaction is put in UTX pool 0 – Promise is resolved when the block that contains the transaction is added to the blockchain 1 – Promise is resolved when the next block is added to the blockchain and so on

* Required field

Usage:

const [transfer1] = await signer.transfer({amount: 1, recipient: 'alias:T:merry'}).sign();
const [transfer2] = await signer.transfer({amount: 1, recipient: 'alias:T:merry'}).sign();

await signer.broadcast([transfer1, transfer2], {chain: true, confirmations: 2});

In this example:

• transfer1 transaction is sent to the node and put in UTX pool.
• Block with transfer1 and two more blocks are added to the blockchain.
• transfer2 transaction is sent to the node and put in UTX pool.
• Block with transfer2 and two more blocks are added to the blockchain.
• Promise is resolved and you can notify user that his/her transactions are confirmed.

getNetworkByte

Obtains chain ID.

getNetworkByte();

Returns: Promise of chain ID.

Usage:

const chainId = signer.getNetworkByte();

setProvider

Specifies a Provider that is used to sign transactions. See Provider Interface to find out the provider requirements.

setProvider(provider);

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
provider*		Object that features Provider interface

* Required field

Usage:

signer.setProvider(new Provider());

waitTxConfirm

Waits for the transaction to appear in the blockchain.

waitTxConfirm(tx, confirmations)

Parameters:

Parameter name	Default value	Description
tx*		Transaction or array transactions that are sent to the blockchain
confirmations*		Number of blocks added to the blockchain after the block that contains the transaction

* Required field

Usage:

const [tx] = await signer
  .transfer({amount: 10000000, recipient: 'alias:T:merry'})
  .broadcast();

signer.waitTxConfirm(tx, 1).then((tx) => {
  // Tx have one confirmation
}});

Provider Interface

⚠️ To ensure the security of user data, Provider should be based on iframe.

Provider should feature the following interface:

interface IProvider {

    /**
     * Sets connection to Waves node
     * @param options
     */
    connect(options: {NODE_URL: string, NETWORK_BYTE: number}): Promise<void>;

    /**
     * Authenticates user with his/her account
     */
    login(): Promise<{addres: string, publicKey: string}>;

    /**
     * Logs user out
     */
    logout(): Promise<void>;

    /**
     * Signs transactions in array
     * @param list
     */
    sign(list: Array<TTransactionParamWithType>): Promise<Array<TTransactionWithProofs<TLong> & IWithId>>;
}